Mercury + Moon: The Astrology Of the Quality of the Soul; the Reason & Mind / Sensorial & Irrational [According to Egyptian Ptolemy]

last updated: 23/May/2021

Ptolemy & Regiomontanus seated with an armillary sphere and the heavens above them
BOOK I
BOOK III

Note: For references, I utilized the version of the cosmopolitan Tetrabiblos from the anthologist Ptolemy’s four books of the influence of the stars [or the Quadripartite Mathematical Treatise] translated from the Greek paraphrase of Proclus by j. m. Ashmand – more specifically I will refer this article to the Book III; chapter 13, pages 86-92 [London, Davis and Dickson; 1822].

 

Considerations

This paticular chapter really got me hooked on and made me itch my head several times – sometimes astrolgy feels like a true maze, doesn’t it? 

The Chapter 13 Of the Quality of the Soul, Ptolemy points to what they understood as “Reason & the Mind / Sensorial & Irrational”, mainly properties of Mercury and secondly the Moon. As usual in these books, he begins the chapter with the order of judging, what to do first, what to identify etc. then Ptolemy proceeds to describing the signs of that Mercury by quadruplicities (modality) and possible the Moon, or the planets that may overcome them [ruler of the signs they are at]. He basically introduces us to a succinct method by order regarding the reading of a character without too much sofistication, but practical and condensed [general overview]. In the end, he makes distinctions via operation of all the planets that may be “governors of the soul” [ruler of the signs Mercury and the Moon] in a genethliacal chart.

I created various tables in order for the reader to filter the information which in a text so you would’ve had to highlight or something. All the bracelets are mine observations and adding info which otherwise would be harder to read/grasp in contemporary times [whatever that may be].

 

Of the Quality of the Soul – Reason & Mind / Sensorial & Irrational

“The character, then, of the inquiry into bodily affections would be of this sort. Of the qualities of the soul, those which concern the reason and the mind are apprehended by means of the condition of Mercury observed on the particular occasion; and the qualities of the sensory and irrational part are discovered from the one of the luminaries which is the more corporeal, that is, the Moon, and from the planets which are configurated [configured] with her in her separations [separating] and applications [applying]. But since the variety of the impulses of the soul is great, it stands to reason that we would make such an inquiry in no simple or offhand manner, but by means of many complicated observations. For indeed the differences between the signs which contain Mercury and the Moon, or the planets that [may] dominate them, can contribute much to the character of the soul; so likewise do the [classical] aspects to the Sun and the angles [stakes] shown by the planets that are related to the class of qualities under consideration, and, furthermore, that peculiar natural quality of each one of the planets which relates to the movements of the soul.”

I  created the list (below) as I’d go along with his sometimes enigimatic texts, even when practical enough, I tried to resume the shortest I could:

Order of Investigation (Research)

Primarily Observe What Happens on…

1st

Rooted Mercury Sign  + Position + Planet(s) in Aspects(s)

2nd

Rooted Moon Sign + Position + Planet(s) in Aspect(s)

3rd

[1. Governor of Soul] Ruler of Mercury’s Sign Position + Aspects

4th

[2. Governor of Soul] Ruler of Moon’s Sign Position + Aspects

5th

Aspects to the Sun

6th

Aspects to the Stakes

Ptolemy then continues classifying the Zodiac signs: “Of the signs of the zodiac in general, then…”

*Solstitial Signs 

[Cancer & Capricorn]

…produce souls fitted for dealing with the people, fond of turbulence and political activity, glory-seeking, moreover, and attentive to the gods, noble, mobile, inquisitive, inventive, good at conjecture, and fitted for astrology and divination

Bicorporeal signs 

[Gemini, Virgo, Sagittarius, Pisces]

…make souls complex, changeable, hard to apprehend, light, unstable, fickle, amorous, versatile, fond of music, lazy, easily acquisitive, prone to change their minds

Solid Signs 

[Taurus, Leo, Scorpio, Aquarius]

…make them just, unaffected by flattery, persistent, firm, intelligent, patient, industrious, stern, self-controlled, tenacious of grudges, extortionate, contentious, ambitious, factious, grasping, hard, inflexible

*I am not sure why he left Aries-Libra axis off the text, but I am almost sure he didn’t only meant “Solstice” signs but also the “Equinox” signs [first in the list above]. Was the translation too imperfect or the scientist had really forgotten to note them?

“Of configurations…” – Ptolemy begins to describe the Planets’ position in skies mainly at the Stakes [not only you will want to look at the position of Mercury and the Moon in the radix, but also, for example let Mercury and the Moon be in Aries, then know the positon in the wheel of rooted “governor of soul” Mars] – read it:

Orient

…positions in the orient and at the horoscope, and in particular those which are in proper face [decan], produce liberal, simple, self-willed, strong, noble, keen, open souls

Morning Stations 

 

& Culminations

[that is, the Mc – 10th Place]

…make them calculating, patient, of good memory, firm, intelligent, magnanimous, accomplishing what they desire, inflexible, robust, rough, not readily deceived, critical, practical, prone to inflict Punishment, gifted with understanding

Precessions [?] 

 

and Settings [7th Place]

…Precessions and settings make them easily changed, unstable, weak, unable to bear labour, emotional, humble, cowardly, deceitful, bullying, dull, slow-witted, hard to arouse

Evening Stations  

 

and position at mid-heaven beneath the earth 

[that is, the Lowe Mc – 4th Place]

…and furthermore, in the case of Mercury and Venus, by day evening settings and by night morning settings, produce souls noble and wise, but with mediocre memory, not painstaking nor fond of labour, but investigators of hidden things and seekers after the unknown, as for example magicians, adepts in the mysteries, meteorologists, makers of instruments and machines, conjurors, astrologers, philosophers, readers of omens, interpreters of dreams, and the like

When our beloved lil’ Ptolemy writes Morning Stars, he meant the “Matutine” Stars and Planets which are ready to rise [1st house] in the early morning above the horizon right before sunrise. While the opposite happens when he says Evening Stations, or “Vespertine” event – the planets that seem to had been “stopped” in the traffic jam for good, and ready to change motion status from either direct or retrograde while ready to descend below the horizontal axis soon after sunset. But I can only guess that when he wrote “Station” he actually meant planetary motion’s status, or, any planet with whatever condition, while describing the most basic correlations as possible, and I would stick to this interpretation before further notice.

He continues adding to the encyclopedic stylized text more about the “governors of the Soul” Mercury and the Moon [ex. Let Mercury be in Scorpio, then see the position of rooted Mars relative to him and the Moon, the same with the Moon, let her be in Aquarius, should then Saturn look at [Aspect] both Mercury and Moon]:

1. [Mercury’s Sign Ruler + Moon’s Sign Ruler]

… governors of  the soul are in their own [domicile signs] or familiar houses [this could mean so many things] 

 

[following the example, let Mars then be in Aries / Scorpio and the Saturn in Capricorn / Aquarius] 

 

2. …or [in right] Sects

 

[let Mars be Nocturnal (below the horizon) and Saturn Diurnal (above)] 

 

[I would also add their Joys: Mercury in 1st + Moon in Cancer in the 3rd place]

they make the characters of the soul open, unimpeded, spontaneous, and effective, especially when the same planets rule the two places at once, that is, when they are configurated to Mercury in any aspect whatever, and hold the separation or application of the Moon;  

—————–

if they are not so disposed, however, but are in places *alien to them renders the properties of their own natures obscure, indistinct, imperfect, and ineffective with respect to the active quality of the soul. The powers, however, of the nature of the planets that dominate or overcome them are vigorous and injurious to the subjects.

 

*Alien according to Ptolemy is: “These are the Ones which belong neither to the class of commanding or obeying, beholding or of equal power, and furthermore they are found to be entirely without share in the four aforesaid aspects, opposition, trine, quartile, and sextile, and are either One or five signs apart; for those which are One sign apart are as it were averted [Aversion] from One another and, though they are two, bound the angle of One, and those that are five signs apart divide the whole circle into unequal parts [also in Aversion]. While the other aspects make an equal division of the perimeter.” – Chapter 16. Of Disjunct [?] Signs; page 28

 

 

Aspects to Malefics [Mars + Pluto]

…Thus men who, by reason of the familiarity of the maleficent planets, are unjust and evil, find their impulse to injure one another easy, unimpeded, secure, and honourable, if those planets are in power;

—————–

but if they are overcome by planets of the opposite sect, the men are lethargic, ineffective, and easily punished

Aspects to Benefics [Venus + Jupiter]

…And those again that through the familiarity of the beneficent planets to the aforesaid boundaries are good and just, if these planets are not overcome, are themselves happy and bear a good repute for their kindness to others, and, injured by none, continue to benefit from their own justice; 

—————–

if, however, the good planets are dominated by opposites, simply because of their gentleness, kindness, and compassion, they suffer from contempt and reproach or even may easily be wronged by most people

“This, then, is [was] the general method of inquiry as to character. We shall next briefly consider, in due order, the particular traits resulting from the very nature of the planets, in this kind of domination, until the theory of mixture has been treated in its most important aspects.”

The anthologist just resumed a simple method of reading a character through astrological means. As he said, he will now synthesize the Planet(s) that shall be considered the governor(s) of the Soul of the native, that is, of reason & mind and of sensory & irrational, adding also their possible aspects to others planets:

Saturn

[Mercury and/or Moon in Capricorn / Aquarius]

…If Saturn alone is ruler of the soul and dominates Mercury and the Moon, if he has a dignified position with reference to the universe and the angles, he makes his subjects lovers of the body, strong-minded, deep thinkers, austere, of a single purpose, laborious, dictatorial, ready to punish, lovers of property, avaricious, violent, amassing treasure, and jealous

– – – – – – – – – – –

…but if his position is the opposite and without dignity, he makes them sordid, petty, mean-spirited, indifferent, mean-minded, malignant, cowardly, diffident, evil-speakers, solitary, tearful, shameless, superstitious; fond of toil, unfeeling, devisers of plots against their friends, gloomy, taking no care of the body

Saturn + Jupiter

[In Benefic Aspect]

…Saturn, allied with Jupiter in the way described, again in dignified positions, makes his subjects good, respectful to elders, sedate, noble-minded, helpful, critical, fond of possessions, magnanimous, generous, of good intentions, lovers of their friends, gentle, wise, patient, philosophical

Saturn + Jupiter

[In Malefic Aspect]

…but in the opposite positions, he makes them uncultured, mad, easily frightened, superstitious, frequenters of shrines, public confessors of ailments, suspicious, hating their own children, friendless, hiding within doors, without judgement, faithless, knavishly foolish, venomous, hypocritical, ineffective, unambitious, prone to change their minds, stern, hard to speak with or to approach, cautious, but nevertheless foolish and submissive to abuse

Saturn + Mars

[In Benefic Aspect]

…in honourable positions makes his subjects neither good nor bad, industrious, outspoken, nuisances, cowardly braggarts, harsh in conduct, without pity, contemptuous, rough, contentious, rash, disorderly, deceitful, layers of ambushes, tenacious of anger, unmoved by pleading, courting the mob, tyrannical, grasping, haters of the citizenry, fond of strife, malignant, evil through and through, active, impatient, blustering, vulgar, boastful, injurious, unjust, not to be despised, haters of mankind, inflexible, unchangeable, busy-bodies, but at the same time adroit and practical, not to be overborne by rivals, and in general successful in achieving their ends

Saturn + Mars

[In Malefic Aspect]

…In the opposite positions he makes his subjects robbers, pirates, adulterators, submissive to disgraceful treatment, takers of base profits, godless, without affection, insulting, crafty, thieves, perjurers, murderers, eaters of forbidden foods, evildoers, homicides, poisoners, impious, robbers of temples and of tombs, and utterly depraved

Saturn + Venus

[In  Benefic Aspect]

…Allied with Venus in honourable positions Saturn makes his subjects haters of women, lovers of antiquity, solitary, unpleasant to meet, unambitious, hating the beautiful, envious, stern in social relations, not companionable, of fixed opinions, prophetic, given to the practice of religions rites, lovers of mysteries and initiations, performers of sacrificial rites, mystics, religions addicts, but dignified and reverent; modest, philosophical, faithful in marriage, self-controlled, calculating, cautious, quick to take offence, and easily led by jealousy to be suspicious of their wives

Saturn + Venus

[In Malefic Aspects]

…In positions of the opposite kind he makes them loose, lascivious, doers of base acts, undiscriminating and unclean in sexual relations, impure, deceivers of women and particularly their own kin, unsound, censorious, depraved, hating the beautiful, fallit-findere, evil-speakers, drunken, servile, adulterators, lawless in sexual relations, both active and passive, both natural and unnatural, and willing to seek them with those barred by age, station, or law, or with animals, impious, contemptuous of the gods, deriding mysteries and sacred rites, entirely faithless, slanderous, poisoners, rogues who will stop at nothing

Saturn + Mercury

[In  Benefic Aspect]

…in honourable positions makes his subjects meddlers, inquisitive, inquirers into matters of law and custom, fond of the art of medicine, mystics, partakers in concealed and secret rites, miracle-workers, cheaters, living only for the day, facile, able to direct business, shrewd, bitter, accurate, sober, friendly, fond of practical affairs, capable of gaining their ends

Saturn + Mercury

[In  Malefic Aspect]

…In dishonourable positions he makes them frivolous talkers, malignant, with no pity in their souls, given to toil, hating their own kin, fond of torment, gloomy, night-prowlers, layers of ambushes, traitors, unsympathetic, thieves, magicians, poisoners, forgers, unscrupulous, unfortunate, and usually unsuccessful

 

Jupiter

[Mercury and/or Moon in Sagittarius / Pisces]

…If Jupiter alone has the domination of the soul, in honourable positions he makes his subjects magnanimous, generous, god-fearing, honourable, pleasure loving, kind, magnificent, liberal, just, high-minded, dignified, minding their own business, compassionate, fond of discussion, beneficent, affectionate, with qualities of leadership.

– – – – – – – – – – –

If he chances to be in the opposite kind of position, he makes their souls seem similar, to be sure, but with a difference in the direction of greater humility, less conspicuousness, and poorer judgment. For example, instead of magnanimity, he endows them with prodigality; instead of reverence for the gods, with superstition; instead of modesty, with cowardice; instead of dignity, with conceit; instead of kindness, with foolish simplicity; instead of the love of beauty, with love of pleasure; instead of high-mindedness, with stupidity; instead of liberality, with indifference, and the like

Jupiter + Mars

[In  Benefic Aspect]

…in honourable positions makes his subjects rough, pugnacious, military, managerial, restless, unruly, ardent, reckless, practical, outspoken, critical, effective, contentious, commanding, given to plotting, respectable, virile, fond of victory, but magnanimous, ambitious, passionate, judicious, successful

Jupiter + Mars

[In  Malefic Aspect]

…In the opposite position he makes then insolent, undiscriminating, savage, implacable, seditious, contentious, stubborn, slanderous, conceited, avaricious, rapacious, quickly changeable, light, readily changing their minds, unstable, headstrong, untrustworthy, of poor judgement, unfeeling, excitable, active, querulous, prodigal, gossipy, and in all ways uneven and easily excited

Jupiter + Venus

[In  Benefic Aspect]

…in honourable positions makes his subjects pure, pleasure-loving, lovers of the beautiful, of children, of spectacles, and of the domain of the Muses, singels, fond of those who reared them, of good character, benefieent, compassionate, guileless, religious, prone to athletic training, fond of competition, wise, affectionate, charming in a dignified way, magnanimous, fair, charitable, fond of learning, of good judgement, moderate and decorous in matters of love, fond of their kinsfolk, pious, just, ambitious, seekers after glory, and in general gentlemanly

Jupiter + Venus

[In  Malefic Aspect]

…In the opposite positions he renders them luxurious, soft-livers, effeminate, fond of the dance, womanly in spirit, lavish in expenditure, evil in relations with women, erotic, lascivious, lecherous, slanderous, adulterous, lovers of ornament, rather soft, lazy, profligate, given to fault-finding, passionate, adorners of their persons, womanly minded, infatuated by religious rites, panderers, frequenters of the mysteries, trustworthy however and not rascally, but gracious, easy of approach, and cheerful, and inclined to liberality in misfortune

Jupiter + Mercury

[In  Benefic Aspect]

…in honourable positions makes his subjects learned, fond of discussion, geometricians, mathematicians, Facts, orators, gifted, sober, of good intellect, good in counsel, statesmen, benefactors, managers, good natured, generous, lovers of the mob, shrewd, successful, leaders, reverent, religious, skilful in business, affectionate, lovers of their own kin, well brought up, philosophical, dignified

Jupiter + Mercury

[In  Malefic Aspect]

…In the opposite positions he makes them simple, garrulous, prone to make mistakes, contemptible, fanatical, religious enthusiasts, speakers of folly, inclined to bitterness, pretenders to wisdom, fools, boasters, students, magicians, somewhat deranged, but well informed, of good memory, teachers, and pure in their desires

 

Mars

[Mecury and/or Moon in Aries / Scorpio

 

alone, given the domination of the soul, in an honourable position makes his subjects noble, commanding, spirited, military, versatile, powerful, venturesome, rash, unruly, indifferent, stubborn, keen, headstrong, contemptuous, tyrannical, active, easily angered, with the qualities of leadership.

– – – – – – – – – – –

In a position of the opposite kind he makes them savage, insolent, bloodthirsty, makers of disturbances, spendthrifts, loud-mouthed, quick-fisted, impetuous, drunken, rapacious, evil-doers, pitiless, unsettled, mad, haters of their own kin, impious

Mars + Venus

[In Benefic Aspect]

…in honourable positions, Mars makes his subjects pleasing, cheerful, friendly, soft living, happy, playful, artless, graceful, fond of dancing, erotic, artistic, imitative, pleasure-loving, able to secure -themselves property, masculine, and given to misconduct in matters of love, but still successful, circumspect, and sensible, difficult to convict and discreet, furthermore passionate for both young men and young women, spendthrifts, quick-tempered, and jealous

Mars + Venus

[In Malefic Aspect]

…In contrary positions he makes them leering, lascivious, profligate, indifferent, slanderers, adulterers, insolent, liars, deceivers, seducers of those both in their own families and in those of others, at the same time keen and insatiate of pleasure, corrupters of women and maidens, venturesome, ardent, unruly, treacherous, perjurers, easily influenced and of unsound mind, but sometimes likewise profligate, fond of adornment, bold, disposed to base practices, and shameless

Mars + Mercury

[In Benefic Aspect]

…in honourable positions Mars makes his subjects leaders of armies, skilful, vigorous, active, not to be despised, resourceful, inventive, sophistic, painstaking, rascally, talkative, pugnacious, tricky, unstable, systematic workers, practising evil arts, keen-witted, deceitful, hypocritical, insidious, of bad character, meddlers, inclined to rascality but nevertheless successful and capable of keeping contract and faith with persons like themselves, and in general injurious to their enemies and helpful to their friends

Mars + Mercury

[In Malefic Aspect]

…In opposite positions he makes them spendthrifts, avaricious, savage, venturesome, daring, prone to change their minds, excitable, easily aroused, liars, thieves, impious, perjurers, ready to take the offensive, seditious, kindlers of fires, creators of disturbances in the theatre, insolent, piratical, burglars, murderers, forgers, villains, wizards, magicians, sorcerers, homicides

 

Venus

[Mercury and/or Moon in Libra]

 

…If Venus alone takes the domination of the soul, in an honourable position she makes her subjects pleasant, good, luxurious, eloquent, neat, cheerful, fond of dancing, eager for beauty, haters of evil, lovers of the arts, fond of spectacles, decorous, healthy, dreamers of pleasant dreams, affectionate, beneficent, compassionate, fastidious, easily conciliated, successful, and, in general, charming.

– – – – – – – – – – –

In the opposite position she makes them careless, erotic, effeminate, womanish, timid, indifferent, depraved, censorious, insignificant, meriting reproach

Venus + Mercury

[In Benefic Aspect]

…in honourable positions Venus makes them artistic, philosophical, gifted with understanding, talented, poetic, lovers of the muses, lovers of beauty, of worthy character, seekers after enjoyment, luxurious, happy, fond of friends, pious, sagacious, resourceful, intellectual, intelligent, successful, quick to learn, self-taught, seekers after the best, imitators of beauty, eloquent and pleasing in speech, commanding affection, of well-ordered character, earnest, fond of athletics, upright, of good judgement, magnanimous; in affairs of love, restrained in their relations with women but more passionate for boys, and jealous

Venus + Mercury

[In Malefic Aspect]

…In the contrary position she makes them pugnacious, resourceful, evil-speakers, unstable, of bad intentions, deceivers, agitators, liars, slanderers, perjurers, thorough rascals, plotters, faithless, unreliable, adulterators, corrupters of women and children; furthermore, adorners of their persons, rather effeminate, malicious in censure and in gossip, garrulous, villains, sometimes feigning such acts with a view to corruption and sometimes performing them in earnest, lending themselves to base acts and performing them, and subjected to all sorts of base treatment

 

Mercury 

[Mercury and/or Moon in Gemini or Virgo]

 

…by himself taking the domination of the soul, in an honourable position makes those who are born under him wise, shrewd, thoughtful, learned, inventive, experienced, good calculators, inquirers into nature , speculative, gifted, emulous, beneficent, prudent, good at conjecture, mathematicians, partakers in mysteries, successful in attaining their ends.

– – – – – – – – – – –

In the opposite position he makes them utter rascals, precipitate, forgetful, impetuous, light minded, fickle, prone to change their minds, foolish rogues, witless, sinful, liars, undiscriminating, unstable, undependable, avaricious, unjust, and, in general, unsteady in judgement and inclined to evil deeds

 

Moon

[Mercury and/or Moon in Cancer] 

…While the foregoing is true as stated, nevertheless the condition of the moon itself also makes a certain contribution. For when the moon happens to be at the bendings of its northern and southern limits, it helps; with respect to the character of the soul, in the direction of greater versatility, resourcefulness, and capacity for change

Moon + Nodes 

[North & South points where the Moon’s orbit intersects the Sun’s circuit]

…at the nodes, in the direction of greater keenness, activity, and excitability; again, at rising and in the increases of its illumination, towards greater natural endowments, renown, firmness, and frankness

– – – – – – – – – – –

and in the waning of its illumination, or its occultations, towards greater sluggishness and dullness, less fixity of purpose, greater cautiousness, and less renown

 

Sun

[Mercury and/or Moon in Leo]

 

…also aids, when it is familiar with the planet that governs the temperament of the soul, in an honourable position modifying it in the direction of justice, success, honour, dignity, and reverence for the gods

– – – – – – – – – – –

but in the contrary and alien position making it humbler, more industrious, less conspicuous, more savage, more obstinate, harsher, with a harder life, and in general less successful

Ptolemy ends with the Sun. Again, the whole chapter/text is just an introduction to what can be done with astrology in its most dynamic aspect [mixture] as possible, strecthing out to reach for the rulers/governors of the soul.

 

Conclusion

In order for the ancient to verify one’s strength in reason and mind and sensory states, they asked for the stars about the native’s Mercury, and in sequence the Moon: what signs were they in when the native was born? Such signs will somehow modify one’s character, adding, subtracting and managing by the Governor of the Soul [Mercury/Moon], or, the planets that rule the Zodiac signs of both Mercury and Moon. Identify Mercury’s ruler in order to see what the Governor of the Soul regarding Reason and Mind is doing in the chart. Secondly, identify Moon’s ruler in order to “discover” the Governor of the Soul regarding Sensorial & Irrational. Nevertheless, don’t forget the Moon is not all that irrational and reckless, but she has Joy in the 3rd house, where the first humane house of the mind is found. It seems to me that, the Soul is mainly carried out by Mercury, so our humanity, but they couldn’t have a rational soul without telling what happens with the opposite of rational or, the unconscious in modern terms, which we indeed attribute such quality to the Moon – the thing is that nothing escapes the unconscious [Moon], but in our mind [Mercury] things [words; images; sounds] get easily forgotten. From this method alone, Egyptian Ptolemy tells us it is possible to read a character, or general attributions of one’s “soul” [in their own terms – I would perhaps say “of one’s humanity” ].

 

References

Tetrabiblos Ptolemy’s four books of the influence of the stars [or the Quadripartite Mathematical Treatise] translated from the Greek paraphrase of Proclus by j. m. Ashmand – [London, Davis and Dickson; 1822]

James R Lewis-The Astrology Book-The Encyclopedia of Heavenly Influences